Technika i mechanika
Laboratorium podstaw techniki świetlnej
Andrzej Wiśniewski, Dariusz Czyżewski, Krzysztof Skarżyński, Marcin...
Intensywny wzrost zapotrzebowania na wysokiej jakości oświetlenie i sprzęt oświetleniowy sprawiają, że na rynku pracy potrzebni są specjaliści z zakresu techniki świetlnej. Muszą być oni wykształceni w kierunku analiz rożnych aspektów oświetlenia elektrycznego, a przede wszystkim jego mierzalnych parametrów elektrycznych, fotometrycznych, kolorymetrycznych i eksploatacyjnych. Prezentowany podręcznik jest przeznaczony głównie dla studentów kierunków inżynierskich, na których omawiane są zagadnienia oświetleniowe. Przedstawiono w nim propozycje ćwiczeń laboratoryjnych, które umożliwiają poszerzenie wiedzy i zdobycie doświadczenia z zakresu techniki świetlnej. Wykonanie ćwiczeń jest również związane z nabyciem praktycznych umiejętności wykonywania pomiarów wielkości elektrycznych, fotometrycznych i kolorymetrycznych źródeł światła, opraw oświetleniowych, instalacji oświetleniowych i materiałów oraz analizowania uzyskanych wyników w odniesieniu do obowiązujących norm, stanu wiedzy i techniki. Wszystkie propozycje ćwiczeń zawierają opisy najbardziej istotnych zagadnień związanych z pomiarami i odniesienia do aktualnej literatury przedmiotu. Dlatego, podręcznik będzie przydatny zarówno dla osób wdrażających się w zagadnienia techniki świetlnej, jak i tych, które już pracują zawodowo w branży oświetleniowej.
Marian Gieras, Rafał porowski
Skrypt zawiera treści będące przedmiotem nauczania w ramach Laboratorium Spalania prowadzonego na Wydziale Mechaniki Energetyki i Lotnictwa Politechniki Warszawskiej. Książka zawiera się z 7 rozdziałów, z których każdy dotyczy odrębnego ćwiczenia realizowanego przez studentów podczas zajęć. Zekres merytoryczny skryptu obejmuje: diagnostykę oraz wizualizację procesów spalania, gazowe płomienie dyfuzyjne i kinetyczne, stabilizację płomienia, temperaturę zapłonu cieczy, ciśnienie wybuchu paliw gazowych i ciekłych, propagancję płomienia pyłowego oraz temperaturowe granice palności cieczy palnych.
Laboratory of Combustion Engines Theory
Dmytro Samoilenko
The present work will be devoted to the study of how the technical problems related to the design of combustion engines could be solved based on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics. Practical examples of how to use thermodynamics for describing physical phenomena and mathematical simulations of heat exchange processes in the combustion engines will be presented. All the well-known solutions used in the vehicles engineering and related to the fundamental theory of combustion engines are presented in the current work. These solutions are piston compressors (used as an auxiliary equipment or external compressors in turbocharger assistance system), automobile air conditioning systems and internal combustion engines. Special attention will be paid to the theory, fundamental processes analysis (based on empirical tests results) and in the case of internal combustion engines - to the influence of harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas on the environment.
Laboratory of Combustion Engines Theory
Dmytro Samoilenko
The present work will be devoted to the study of how the technical problems related to the design of combustion engines could be solved based on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics. Practical examples of how to use thermodynamics for describing physical phenomena and mathematical simulations of heat exchange processes in the combustion engines will be presented. All the well-known solutions used in the vehicles engineering and related to the fundamental theory of combustion engines are presented in the current work. These solutions are piston compressors (used as an auxiliary equipment or external compressors in turbocharger assistance system), automobile air conditioning systems and internal combustion engines. Special attention will be paid to the theory, fundamental processes analysis (based on empirical tests results) and in the case of internal combustion engines - to the influence of harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas on the environment.
Laboratory of Construction Machinery
Paweł Ciężkowski
In this script, the laboratory exercises presented are divided into two groups. In the fi rst group, the authors describe the stands and test methods to determine the basic strength parameters of soils and rocks. The stands discussed allow students to become familiar with model processes of interaction of construction machinery tools with geomaterials and road surface materials (asphalt, concrete). The model investigations are concerned with elementary rock fragmentation processes and the interaction of crushing tools in the milling process of road surfaces. Exercises on machine-based crushing processes will be presented. Within this group of exercises, students will become familiar with the construction and operation of various types of crushers (cone, impact, jaw). The exercises will include studies of: a) the influence of the type of crusher on the shape and grain size of the product obtained, b) the influence of the outlet gap setting on the forces, energy consump-tion and effi ciency of the crushing process, c) the infl uence of the shape of jaw crusher crushing plates on the parameters of the crushing process. The second group of exercises deals with construction and transport machinery, their construction and operation. The exercises are aimed with the problems of interaction of tools with the soil. On the laboratory stand "soil channel", exercises will be presented to study the interaction of model tools of earth-moving construction machinery such as: loader bucket blade, excavator, scraper basket. The exercises will include the determination of cutting forces and work and the determina-tion of deformation mechanisms. The soil channel described in the paper allows students to fami-liarise themselves with the interaction of the driving system with the ground. The exercises will include determining the characteristics of the interaction of the crawler with the ground, investiga-ting changes in the tractive force of the machine as a function of slippage and the weight of the machine. Within the laboratory, exercises will be performed on a unique stand of a single-head hydraulic backhoe excavator, whose control and data acquisition system is fully automated. By performing the exercise on the single-head excavator, students will study selected methods for calculating cutting forces, the eff ect of excavator bucket shape and digging trajectory on cutting forces. The next stand is a rotating mechanism, where students can familiarise themselves with the properties of hydraulic drive systems using a hydraulic piston motor as an example, and the influence of the gain of individual controller components on system properties and speed control error. The script also includes a stand to learn about a typical PLC structure and the programme structure and programming method. Information on the theory of vibratory conveyor of granular materials is also presented in this study.
Laboratory of Construction Machinery
Paweł Ciężkowski
In this script, the laboratory exercises presented are divided into two groups. In the fi rst group, the authors describe the stands and test methods to determine the basic strength parameters of soils and rocks. The stands discussed allow students to become familiar with model processes of interaction of construction machinery tools with geomaterials and road surface materials (asphalt, concrete). The model investigations are concerned with elementary rock fragmentation processes and the interaction of crushing tools in the milling process of road surfaces. Exercises on machine-based crushing processes will be presented. Within this group of exercises, students will become familiar with the construction and operation of various types of crushers (cone, impact, jaw). The exercises will include studies of: a) the influence of the type of crusher on the shape and grain size of the product obtained, b) the influence of the outlet gap setting on the forces, energy consump-tion and effi ciency of the crushing process, c) the infl uence of the shape of jaw crusher crushing plates on the parameters of the crushing process. The second group of exercises deals with construction and transport machinery, their construction and operation. The exercises are aimed with the problems of interaction of tools with the soil. On the laboratory stand "soil channel", exercises will be presented to study the interaction of model tools of earth-moving construction machinery such as: loader bucket blade, excavator, scraper basket. The exercises will include the determination of cutting forces and work and the determina-tion of deformation mechanisms. The soil channel described in the paper allows students to fami-liarise themselves with the interaction of the driving system with the ground. The exercises will include determining the characteristics of the interaction of the crawler with the ground, investiga-ting changes in the tractive force of the machine as a function of slippage and the weight of the machine. Within the laboratory, exercises will be performed on a unique stand of a single-head hydraulic backhoe excavator, whose control and data acquisition system is fully automated. By performing the exercise on the single-head excavator, students will study selected methods for calculating cutting forces, the eff ect of excavator bucket shape and digging trajectory on cutting forces. The next stand is a rotating mechanism, where students can familiarise themselves with the properties of hydraulic drive systems using a hydraulic piston motor as an example, and the influence of the gain of individual controller components on system properties and speed control error. The script also includes a stand to learn about a typical PLC structure and the programme structure and programming method. Information on the theory of vibratory conveyor of granular materials is also presented in this study.
Lasy przyszłości. Wyzwania współczesnego leśnictwa
Aleh Marozau, Dan Wołkowycki
Monografia „Lasy przyszłości. Wyzwania współczesnego leśnictwa” opublikowana staraniem Oficyny Wydawniczej Politechniki Białostockiej dotyczy różnorodnych aspektów kształtowania, hodowli i ochrony lasów. Lasy i leśnictwo stoją współcześnie wobec wielu wyzwań o skali dotychczas niespotykanej, związanych zwłaszcza z kryzysem klimatycznym, a także przewartościowaniem potrzeb i oczekiwań społecznych dotyczących ich funkcji. Wymaga to modyfikacji zarządzania lasami w wielu obszarach. Młode pokolenie leśników będzie mierzyć się z tego rodzaju wyzwaniami w nieporównywalnie większym stopniu niż ich poprzednicy. Procesom i zjawiskom tego rodzaju poświęcone były konferencje organizowane w Instytucie Nauk Leśnych Politechniki Białostockiej w latach 2020–2021. Referaty prezentowane wówczas stały się punktem wyjścia dla autorów większości rozdziałów składających się na niniejszy tom.
Stefan Kottwitz
Writing a thesis, research paper, technical report, or book often challenges users with formatting and consistency. The LaTeX typesetting tool offers a powerful, structured approach to document creation, though mastering it can be daunting for beginners. This third edition of the LaTeX Beginner’s Guide simplifies the learning curve, providing a hands-on introduction to writing professional-quality documents efficiently.Written by Stefan Kottwitz, a leading LaTeX expert and community moderator, this book builds on over 20 years of coding and publishing experience along with feedback from LaTeX users worldwide. Through step-by-step tutorials and real-world examples, you’ll learn how to fine-tune text, typeset complex equations, manage citations, and produce high-quality tables, images, and presentations. The book also explores modern LaTeX features, including advanced PDF capabilities and different TeX engines. With dedicated sections on slide presentations and best practices for document structuring, this edition ensures that users can optimize their workflows and produce publication-ready documents with ease.By the end of this book, you'll confidently use the LaTeX software to produce academic papers, generate bibliographies, and achieve professional layouts for any type of document.*Email sign-up and proof of purchase required
Stefan Kottwitz
Writing a thesis, research paper, technical report, or book often challenges users with formatting and consistency. The LaTeX typesetting tool offers a powerful, structured approach to document creation, though mastering it can be daunting for beginners. This third edition of the LaTeX Beginner’s Guide simplifies the learning curve, providing a hands-on introduction to writing professional-quality documents efficiently.Written by Stefan Kottwitz, a leading LaTeX expert and community moderator, this book builds on over 20 years of coding and publishing experience along with feedback from LaTeX users worldwide. Through step-by-step tutorials and real-world examples, you’ll learn how to fine-tune text, typeset complex equations, manage citations, and produce high-quality tables, images, and presentations. The book also explores modern LaTeX features, including advanced PDF capabilities and different TeX engines. With dedicated sections on slide presentations and best practices for document structuring, this edition ensures that users can optimize their workflows and produce publication-ready documents with ease.By the end of this book, you'll confidently use the LaTeX software to produce academic papers, generate bibliographies, and achieve professional layouts for any type of document.*Email sign-up and proof of purchase required
LED jako zamienniki innych źródeł światła
Janusz Strzyżewski
Rozwój technologii LED sprawił, że lampy tego typu są instalowane coraz powszechniej także jako zamienniki innych źródeł światła. Ma to na celu uzyskanie optymalnych wskaźników energetycznych, wymaga jednak zwrócenia uwagi na wiele uwarunkowań. Przy doborze zamienników należy dysponować pewnym zasobem wiedzy na temat różnych źródeł światła, ich cech i parametrów. Z publikacji dowiecie się Państwo, na co zwracać uwagę przy stosowaniu diod LED jako zamienników innych źródeł światła, nie tylko żarówek.