Sektor turystyczny w Polsce. Ocena -uwarunkowania - perspektywy

Agnieszka Stanimir, Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz

Prezentowana monografia ma na celu szczegółową ocenę dynamiki rozwoju sektora turystycznego w Polsce, osadzoną w kontekście globalnym i europejskim. Kluczowe obszary badawcze obejmują aspekty ekonomiczne, społeczne i kulturowe, z uwzględnieniem wpływu globalnych kryzysów, takich jak pandemia COVID-19. W książce podejmowany jest również problem sezonowości oraz umiędzynarodowienia sektora turystycznego, ze wskazaniem na konieczność dostosowania oferty do zmieniających się oczekiwań turystów i wprowadzania innowacyjnych rozwiązań technologicznych. Podkreślono istotność turystyki w realizacji celów zrównoważonego rozwoju, szczególnie w obliczu współczesnych wyzwań, takich jak zmiany klimatyczne i starzenie się społeczeństwa. W pracy zastosowano kompleksowe podejście badawcze, wykorzystując dane z instytucji międzynarodowych, takich jak UNWTO, WTTC, OECD oraz Eurostat. Analiza prowadzona była z wykorzystaniem wskaźników rozwoju funkcji turystycznej, m.in.: Baretje'a-Deferta, Charvata i Schneidera. Z metod wielowymiarowej analizy statystycznej wykorzystano klasyfikację hierarchiczną, analizę koszykową, a także metodę TOPSIS, której wyniki umożliwiły wyznaczenie taksonomicznego miernika rozwoju. Wyniki pracy dostarczają rekomendacji dla decydentów i praktyków sektora turystycznego, obejmujących rozwój zrównoważonej turystyki, wspieranie regionalnych inicjatyw turystycznych oraz adaptację do globalnych wyzwań.

Selected Problems in Mechanics of Thermosets and Unidirectional Fibre-Reinforced Thermoset Matrix Composites

Daniel Nycz, Marian Klasztorny

The monograph formulates and solves selected issues of the theory of linear elasticity and rheology of thermosetting polymers and unidirectional monotropic fibre-reinforced thermoset matrix (UFRT) composites. The analytical modelling includes: the quasi-exact homogenization theory of UFRT composites; the inverse problem in the homogenization theory of UFRT composites; the elastic and rheological constitutive modelling of thermosetting polymers and UFRT composites (standard and inverse, uncoupled and coupled constitutive equations); experimental validation of a new rheological model for thermosets, based on the Mittag-Leffler fractional exponential generic function; and numerical validation of a new rheological model for UFRT composites, based on a single Mittag-Leffler fractional exponential generic function. Both the thermosetting polymers and UFRT composites are described by the minimum numbers of the viscoelastic constants. The monograph also presents testing, identification, validation and cognitive studies, including: experimental identification of the elastic and viscoelastic constants of representative resins; numerical identification of the elastic and viscoelastic constants of representative UFRT composites, based on the homogenization theory, the uncoupled rheological constitutive equations, and the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle; and simulations of selected rheological processes in the representative resin and representative UFRT composites. The formulations, analytical solutions and numerical analyses are original and unique worldwide.

Selected Problems of Face Recognition and Decision-Making Theory

Paweł Kaczmarek

Rozpoznawanie twarzy jest jednym z najtrudniejszych problemów badawczych. Głównymi powodami są jego szerokie zastosowania, takie jak osoby zaginione lub identyfikacja karna, kontrola dostępu, prawo jazdy, dowód osobisty, weryfikacja karty lub paszportu i wiele innych. Inne przyczyny wzrostu zainteresowania technikami rozpoznawania twarzy to ogromna moc obliczeniowa.                            

Selected Short Works

Zane Grey

Ambers Mirage (1929, For thirty years old, Jim has spent the search for the mythical Ambers Mirage without finding him. Tsu is a sad story about how his young teammate left the house, loved a woman and went to look for a bright rock over a source that is full of gold. But perhaps this is a mirage...)Bernardos Revenge (An exciting story of love and the interaction of man with nature in the jungle, namely tigers.) (1912)California Red (1926, For years Ben Ide had chased and tried to capture the great stallion, California Red, probably the noblest of all the fifteen thousand horses who roamed the northern California plains. But he had always been unsuccessful. Now his chance had come--and he had to make the devils bargain with a band of cattle rustlers in order to realize his greatest ambition.)The Camp Robber (1928, An interesting cowboy story about the mysterious robber of the camp who kidnaps strange things.)Death Valley (1920, Of the five hundred and fifty-seven thousand square miles of desert land in the Southwest, Death Valley is the lowest below sea level, the most arid and desolate. It derives its felicitous name from the earliest days of the gold strike in California, when a caravan of Mormons, numbering about seventy, struck out from Salt Lake, to cross the Mojave Desert and make a short cut to the gold fields. All but two of these prospectors perished in the deep, iron-walled, ghastly sinkholes, which from that time became known as Death Valley.)Don: The Story of a Lion Dog (1925, This essay tells about the love of animals to Zane Gray and his understanding of how much a person can know the animal and how an animal can get closer to a person. Zane Gray met Don when she first went to the Grand Canyon. He met many people on this trip, which turned into the heroes of his novels.)The Great Slave (1920, Siena young leader of the disappearing tribe. White invaders take them into slavery, but give a gun, thanks to this miracle of the fiery stick Sienna becomes famous among the tribes and, according to the prophecy, must become a great leader.)Lightning (1910, Lee and Cuth Stewart were tall, lean Mormons, as bronzed as desert Navajos, cool, silent, gray-eyed, still-faced. Both wore crude homespun garments much the worse for wear; boots that long before had given the best in them; laced leather wristbands thin and shiny from contact with lassoes; and old gray slouch hats that would have disgraced cowboys.)Lure of the River (1923, Iquitos was a magnet for wanderers and a safe hiding place for men who must turn their faces from civilization. Rubber drew adventurers and criminals to this Peruvian frontier town as gold lured them to the Klondike. Monty Prices Nightingale (1924, Monty Price had its secret. Several times each year he scored a nicotyled salary and disappeared for several months. Then, when returning, nobody knew where he was all this time and what he was doing. But when the forest fire happened, he discovered courage in his soul and this event changed his life forever.)Nonnezoshe, the Rainbow Bridge (1915, The book describes the journey to Nonnezoshe, the most beautiful and wonderful natural phenomenon in the world. This is the only such special place Ive ever visited, but Im not sure if I could find it myself without a guide again.)The Ranger (1929, In this book, the narrative is from the first person of the American Marshal Marshal, who helps the legendary Texas Ranger Texas Hold Wall to release Fairfield from the criminals.)

Selected Stories

Talbot Mundy

The Soul Of A Regiment(Adventure, February 1912) SO long as its colors remain, and there is one man left to carry them, a regiment can never die; they can recruit it again around that one man, and the regiment will continue on its road to future glory with the same old traditions behind it and the same atmosphere surrounding it that made brave men of its forbears. So although the colors are not exactly the soul of a regiment, they are the concrete embodiment of it, and are even more sacred than the person of a reigning sovereign.The Pillar Of Light(Everbodys Magazine, Dec 1912)No birds twittered. There was nothing, either animal or human, amid the awful desolation of the Twelve Apostles, that seemed glad to greet the dawn. Aloes were the only thing that grew there, unless you count the sickly-looking patch of vegetables, some twenty feet by twenty, that succeeding reliefs of sergeants had coaxed on to the bald, hot hideous rock to make them homesick.Sam Bagg Of The Gabriel Group(The Saturday Evening Post, Mar 11, 1916)He was an even-tempered man, but it was not considered wise to approach him when he stood in that place, in just that attitude; and Luther, the imported half-breed missionary, hid himself among the plantains that formed the outer fringe of Baggs little garden, round the thatched bungalow.The Real Red Root(The Crescent, Jun 1919)BY birth and speech Dan Ivan is United States American, descended probably from Russian exiles, although he denies it and weaves theories to prove another derivation of his name. I met him first six thousand feet above sea level, where the lions were hungry on account of frosty nights and water was scarce; and hearing his voice before he came in view I thought at first it was a womans, for it was suggestive of a song about ideals.The Bell On Hell Shoal(The Passing Show, Jul 15, 1933)JOE MOLYNEUX told this story. We were sprawling on my rug on a Florida beach, staring at Hell Shoal, where the big new bell-buoy swam. The gulls and terns were waiting for the tide, half asleep on the abandoned hulk of Sharpes million-dollar yacht.The Avenger(This Week, May 16, 1937)"THERES only one thing worse than corruption when it comes to enforcing the law, and thats sentiment, said Quinn. He glanced through my library window at the distant row of eucalyptus. If I wasnt your friend, Id have raided that queer group at the end of your garden long before this. Theyre all tramps. Now I have a warrant for the one they call Sirdarhis right name is Duleep Singh. What makes you think hell be here tonight? Companions In Arms(Adventure, Nov 1937)John Lawrence Burnham joined the regiment in Flanders, nineteen, green from an English public school and Woolwich, rushed through special courses for the war. He had been born in Rajputana. The first words he had ever learned to speak were Rajasthani. His father, who had commanded the regiment, was killed near Dargai, and the only son, aged seven, went to England with his mother, to be schooled and, if he pleased, to forget and to be forgotten. He remembered. He used Rajasthani in his dreams, that were all of turbaned, bearded horsemen, the smell of harness, and the thunder of lance-shod squadrons knee-to-knee.Making 10,000(McClures Magazine, April 1913)"Said hed no time for hereditary boneheadsdashed if I know what a bonehead is, exactly, but Ill bet its something rudeand that he wouldnt let his daughter marry one on any terms! Said there were boneheads enough in the States, without coming across the water to find one! He added a lot of tommy-nonsense about the idea of an aristocracy being all wrong anyhow. So I asked him whether hed have liked me any better if Id been a brick-layer! The Lady And The Lord(The All-Story Magazine, Jun 1911)An actress who is not exactly in the first flight is bound to be more or less of a nomad; so there was nothing particularly astonishing in not hearing from Mrs. Crothers for several months. True, she might have written; but if she were ever to become famous, her autograph would be valuable for its very rarity, for she seldom wrote to anyone.Kitty Burns Her Fingers (The All-Story Magazine, Jul 1911)KITTY CROTHERS perennially hard up working at her profession for a few months, doing one-night stands all over the country, and returning to spend her hard-earned savings along Broadway we all of us knew and understood; but Kitty Crothers with money was something to make the gods on Olympus sit up and take notice.The Hermit And The Tiger(American Cavalcade, Nov 1937)It was many months before I saw a tiger, in full moonlight, in the graveyard at Mount Abu in Rajputana, where the legends on more than half the tombstones read from wounds inflicted by a tiger. He was insolent, arrogant, splendid, and I think he knew I watched him. At intervals he stood snarling and muttering as if he sneered at the names on the tombs of the men who had died of wounds from his ancestors fangs. It was a weird experience. I had no rifle. I could only watch.Mystic India Speaks(True Mystic Science, Dec 1938)MANY years ago, in Rajputana, the writer climbed several thousand feet above sea level for a moonlight view of an historic landscape. He was, in those days, an opinionated young Englishman, rather recently from public school, educated in the traditional white mans burden theory of empire and in the Church of England attitude toward religion. After months of wandering in India, it was only just beginning to dawn on his not very observant, nor particularly critical, but rather idly curious mind, that virtue is neither racial, national, nor even international, but universal; and that possibly lots of Western theories are wrong.

Selected Topics in Contemporary Mathematical Modeling 2021

Andrzej Grzybowski

Every year since 2009 the Institute of Mathematics of the Czestochowa University of Technology in cooperation with the Czestochowa Branch of Polish Mathematical Society has been organizing successive conferences on Mathematical Modeling in Physics and Engineering. The topics of the conferences cover various aspects of mathematical modeling and the usage of computer methods in modern problems emerging in both these great fields of science and technology. Every time the conference participants represented a prominent group of recognized scientists as well as young researchers and Ph.D. students from domestic and foreign universities. Last year due to the extraordinary situation related to the Covid-19 pandemic this series stopped. However, thanks to the mutual contacts between the participants of the previous conference events, the idea of publishing a monograph devoted to present-day advances in mathematical modeling aroused. As a result, several researchers from the Czestochowa University of Technology were asked to prepare a chapter summarizing their recent results and indicating contemporary mathematical modeling trends as seen from their perspective. Throughout the centuries mathematical modeling helps scientists understand the mechanisms and dynamics underlying various physical and engineering phenomena. The range of possible problems within this area is immense as contemporary technology has numerous mathematical challenges. This book on Selected Topics in Contemporary Mathematical Modeling focuses on the improvements of known modeling approaches as well as some novel methods and concepts. It presents both formal-theoretical results and their new applications in various engineering areas. This volume comprises ten chapters that reflect the main thrust of research conducted in the Czestochowa University of Technology in this field and present the current frontiers of several important areas of applied mathematics. I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to the authors of the chapters included in this monograph for their very interesting contributions. Thanks to their help and excellent cooperation it was possible to provide an overview of such a broad range of topics in the great art of expressing complex real-world problems in the shape of tractable mathematical formulations, and thus pose the problems simply, precisely, and unambiguously

Selekcja

Jonathan Kellerman

Mroczny thriller autora bestsellerów z listy New York Times! Kim jest i co kieruje postępowaniem seryjnego mordercy, którego ofiarami są bezbronne i doświadczone cierpieniem niepełnosprawne dzieci? Alex Delaware wspólnie z detektywem Milo Sturgisem rozpoczyna prywatne dochodzenie w sprawie tajemniczego morderstwa podczas wycieczki szkolnej. Podobno w rezerwacie przyrody nieopodal Los Angeles ktoś bestialsko odebrał życie upośledzonej 15-latce, córce izraelskiego dyplomaty... Dr Alex szybko dochodzi do wniosku, że śmierć niepełnosprawnej Irin to dopiero początek serii absurdalnych morderstw na tle eugenicznym. Przed tobą wciągająca opowieść o obsesyjnym pragnieniu zabijania w imię pseudonaukowych teorii o ograniczeniu reprodukcji słabych osobników i realizacji programu czystości rasowej. Zdaniem krytyków literackich jest to najbardziej prowokacyjna i niepokojąca powieść Kellermana, określanego mianem ,,króla współczesnych kryminałów". Oto dwunasty tom wstrząsającej serii o zagadkach kryminalnych Alexa Delawarea, można go uznać za oddzielną historię lub czytać bez zachowania kolejności cyklu. SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST, Copyright 1989 by Jonathan Kellerman

Selenium. Automatyczne testowanie aplikacji

Prashanth Sams

Poznaj możliwości automatycznych testów aplikacji sieciowych dzięki funkcjonalnościom Selenium WebDriver. Selenium WebDriver jest narzędziem udostępnianym na zasadach open source, które służy do automatyzacji testów aplikacji sieciowych. Oprogramowanie Selenium jest niezależne od systemu operacyjnego i może być obsługiwane w dowolnym z popularnych języków programowania. Historia tego narzędzia rozpoczyna się w 2004 roku. Dziś Selenium WebDriver jest na całym świecie najczęściej wykorzystywanym narzędziem do automatyzacji testów, cenionym za swoją wszechstronność, elastyczność i łatwość użytkowania. Przewodnik ten przeznaczony jest dla osób posiadających już pewną wiedzę o automatyzacji testów aplikacji. Zawarto tu niezbędne informacje o środowisku Selenium IDE oraz o sposobach jego wykorzystania do automatyzacji testów i debugowania rozbudowanych aplikacji. Przedstawiono narzędzie Selenium WebDriver, dzięki któremu można wykonywać testy automatyczne na wielu przeglądarkach. Opisano bardziej złożone mechanizmy uruchamiania takich testów w chmurze i omówiono funkcje udostępniane przez Selenium WebDriver API, które mogą zostać wykorzystane do tworzenia efektywnych testów automatycznych. Zaprezentowano również techniki tworzenia testów sterowanych danymi i zachowaniem aplikacji. Najważniejsze zagadnienia omówione w książce: zasady korzystania z oprogramowania Selenium IDE i Selenium Builder wykonywanie efektywnych testów kompatybilności funkcje Selenium WebDriver wraz z ich omówieniem i przykładami różne techniki zarządzania zadaniami automatycznymi Selenium frameworki, ich dostosowywanie i tworzenie nowych na podstawie Selenium WebDriver Prashanth Sams jest inżynierem automatyzacji testów działającym w branży IT od 2011 roku. Zdobył bogate doświadczenie przy realizacji wielu projektów, pracując z różnymi narzędziami do automatyzacji. Uwielbia nowe technologie, a przy tym chętnie dzieli się swoją wiedzą, aktywnie wspierając społeczności programistów i testerów, szczególnie oprogramowania Selenium. Testowanie aplikacji? Z Selenium wykonasz je sprawnie i efektywnie!

Selenium Design Patterns and Best Practices. Build a powerful, stable, and automated test suite using Selenium WebDriver

Dima Kovalenko

Selenium Essentials. Get to grips with automated web testing with the amazing power of Selenium WebDriver

Prashanth Sams

Selenium Framework Design in Data-Driven Testing. Build data-driven test frameworks using Selenium WebDriver, AppiumDriver, Java, and TestNG

Carl Cocchiaro

The Selenium WebDriver 3.x Technology is an open source API available to test both Browser and Mobile applications. It is completely platform independent in that tests built for one browser or mobile device, will also work on all other browsers and mobile devices. Selenium supports all major development languages which allow it to be tied directly into the technology used to develop the applications. This guide will provide a step-by-step approach to designing and building a data-driven test framework using Selenium WebDriver, Java, and TestNG.The book starts off by introducing users to the Selenium Page Object Design Patterns and D.R.Y Approaches to Software Development. In doing so, it covers designing and building a Selenium WebDriver framework that supports both Browser and Mobile Devices. It will lead the user through a journey of architecting their own framework with a scalable driver class, Java utility classes, JSON Data Provider, Data-Driven Test Classes, and support for third party tools and plugins.Users will learn how to design and build a Selenium Grid from scratch to allow the framework to scale and support different browsers, mobile devices, versions, and platforms, and how they can leverage third party grids in the Cloud like SauceLabs.Other topics covered include designing abstract base and sub-classes, inheritance, dual-driver support, parallel testing, testing multi-branded applications, best practices for using locators, and data encapsulation.Finally, you will be presented with a sample fully-functional framework to get them up and running with the Selenium WebDriver for browser testing.By the end of the book, you will be able to design your own automation testing framework and perform data-driven testing with Selenium WebDriver.

Selenium i testowanie aplikacji. Receptury. Wydanie II

Unmesh Gundecha

Projektanci nowoczesnych aplikacji internetowych muszą obecnie sprostać wielu wyzwaniom. Oprogramowanie, które tworzą, musi działać wydajnie i bezbłędnie w różnych przeglądarkach, na różnych platformach, na różnych urządzeniach. Wobec rosnących wymagań testowanie aplikacji staje się bardzo ważnym etapem jej rozwoju. Jako że zaprojektowanie i przeprowadzenie takich testów jest dość złożonym zadaniem, warto zapewnić sobie sprawdzone narzędzie umożliwiające automatyzację testów aplikacji. Takim narzędziem z pewnością jest Selenium Web Driver — framework służący do automatyzacji przeglądarek internetowych. W tej książce przedstawiono zaawansowane techniki testowania aplikacji internetowych za pomocą Selenium Web Driver i pokrewnych narzędzi. Zaprezentowano skuteczne i efektywne metodyki testowania aplikacji przeznaczonych dla komputerów stacjonarnych, przeglądarek mobilnych i działających w środowisku rozproszonym. Opisano tu również wzorce projektowe, takie jak testy bazujące na danych, obiekty stron i mapy obiektów. Przedstawiono techniki rozszerzania frameworka Selenium i dostosowywania go do szczególnych działań. W książce zaprezentowano ponad 80 receptur, które z pewnością okażą się przydatne podczas automatyzacji testów aplikacji. Czego możesz oczekiwać od tej książki... Zrozumiesz działanie lokalizatorów. Nauczysz się korzystać z różnych metod lokalizowania, co pomoże Ci budować niezawodne testy. Nauczysz się wzorca PageFactory, który pozwala budować rozbudowane i łatwe do utrzymania frameworki testów. Zapoznasz się ze sposobami integracji Selenium WebDriver API z narzędziami ATDD (BDD) takimi, jak Cucumber, SpecFlow, Capybara i Behave. Nauczysz się konfigurować symulatory i urządzenia iPhone (Android) w celu testowania aplikacji webowych za pomocą Appium. Dowiesz się, jak skonfigurować środowisko Selenium Grid pozwalające na szybsze i współbieżne wykonywanie testów. Dzięki niemu zwiększysz pokrycie testowe oraz skrócisz czas uruchomienia testów dla wielu przeglądarek. Będziesz potrafił budować rozszerzone testy Selenium WebDriver dla zwiększenia pokrycia Twojej aplikacji testami. Nowoczesne testowanie: Selenium Web Driver!

Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook. Over 90 recipes to help you build and run automated tests for your web applications with Selenium WebDriver

UNMESH GUNDECHA

This book is an incremental guide that will help you learn and use the advanced features of the Selenium toolset including the WebDriver API in various situations to build a reliable test automation. You start off by setting up the test development environment and gain tips on the advanced locater strategy and the effective use of the Selenium WebDriver API. After that, the use of design patterns such as data - driven tests and PageFactory are demonstrated. You will then be familiarised with extending Selenium WebDriver API by implementing custom tasks and setting up your own distributed environment to run tests in parallel for cross-browser testing.Finally, we give you some tips on integrating Selenium WebDriver with other popular tools and testing mobile applications. By the end of this book, you will have learned enough to solve complex testing issues on your own.

Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook. Unlock the full potential of Selenium WebDriver to test your web applications in a wide range of situations. The countless recipes and code examples provided ease the learning curve and provide insights into virtually every eventuality

UNMESH GUNDECHA

Web technologies are becoming increasingly complex and there is a need to test your web applications against a vast number of browsers and platforms, so you need to build highly reliable and maintainable test automation. This book will help you test your web applications effectively and efficiently with Selenium WebDriver.Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook is an incremental guide that will help you learn and use advanced features of Selenium WebDriver API in various situations for building reliable test automation. You will learn how to effectively use features of Selenium using simple and detailed examples. This book will also teach you best practices, design patterns, and how to extend Selenium.Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook shows developers and testers who already use Selenium, how to go to the next step and build a highly maintainable and reliable test framework using advanced features of the tool.The book starts with tips on advanced location strategy and effective use of Selenium WebDriver API. Then it demonstrates the use of design patterns such as Data Driven Tests and PageFactory for building maintainable test automation. It also explains extending Selenium WebDriver API along with implementing custom tasks and setting up your own distributed environment to run tests in parallel.It concludes with tips on integrating Selenium WebDriver with other popular tools, testing mobile web applications, and capturing videos of test runs. This books provides examples in Java, C#, Ruby, and Python.Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook will help you in building a highly robust and maintainable test automation framework from start to finish.

Selenium WebDriver 3 Practical Guide. End-to-end automation testing for web and mobile browsers with Selenium WebDriver - Second Edition

UNMESH GUNDECHA, Satya Avasarala

Selenium WebDriver is an open source automation tool implemented through a browser-specific driver, which sends commands to a browser and retrieves results. The latest version of Selenium 3 brings with it a lot of new features that change the way you use and setup Selenium WebDriver. This book covers all those features along with the source code, including a demo website that allows you to work with an HMTL5 application and other examples throughout the book.Selenium WebDriver 3 Practical Guide will walk you through the various APIs of Selenium WebDriver, which are used in automation tests, followed by a discussion of the various WebDriver implementations available. You will learn to strategize and handle rich web UI using advanced WebDriver API along with real-time challenges faced in WebDriver and solutions to handle them. You will discover different types and domains of testing such as cross-browser testing, load testing, and mobile testing with Selenium. Finally, you will also be introduced to data-driven testing using TestNG to create your own automation framework.By the end of this book, you will be able to select any web application and automate it the way you want.

Selenium WebDriver Quick Start Guide. Write clear, readable, and reliable tests with Selenium WebDriver 3

Pinakin Chaubal

Selenium WebDriver is a platform-independent API for automating the testing of both browser and mobile applications. It is also a core technology in many other browser automation tools, APIs, and frameworks. This book will guide you through the WebDriver APIs that are used in automation tests.Chapter by chapter, we will construct the building blocks of a page object model framework as you learn about the required Java and Selenium methods and terminology.The book starts with an introduction to the same-origin policy, cross-site scripting dangers, and the Document Object Model (DOM). Moving ahead, we'll learn about XPath, which allows us to select items on a page, and how to design a customized XPath. After that, we will be creating singleton patterns and drivers. Then you will learn about synchronization and handling pop-up windows. You will see how to create a factory for browsers and understand command design patterns applicable to this area.At the end of the book, we tie all this together by creating a framework and implementing multi-browser testing with Selenium Grid.