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Podcasts
Marta Wolska, Pamela Czajka, Marek Postuła
Chromanie przestankowe to charakterystyczny objaw niedokrwienia kończyn dolnych wynikający ze zwężenia lub z zamknięcia tętnicy przez blaszkę miażdżycową, który pojawia się w trakcie wysiłku i ustępuje krótko po jego zakończeniu. Chromanie przestankowe najczęściej manifestuje się jako izolowany ból mięśni goleni pojawiający się po przejściu określonego dystansu, który zmusza do zaprzestania aktywności. Kluczowe elementy diagnostyki to szczegółowe badanie podmiotowe i przedmiotowe oraz pomiar wskaźnika kostka-ramię, a ich nieprawidłowe wyniki mogą wskazywać na rozpoznanie choroby tętnic obwodowych. Wybór odpowiedniej terapii jest uzależniony od wielu czynników, w tym dynamiki choroby oraz chorób współistniejących. Głównym celem leczenia pacjentów z chromaniem przestankowym jest poprawa jakości życia i zmniejszenie ryzyka powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych. W terapii bardzo ważną rolę odgrywa leczenie zachowawcze, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nadzorowanego programu treningowego. Leczenie farmakologiczne ogranicza się do kilku leków, które jednak mają ograniczone zastosowanie. W najbardziej zaawansowanych przypadkach wybór ogranicza się do terapii inwazyjnej.